Redox Flashcards

Redox

A-Level AQA Chemistry

This pack of flashcards covers fundamental concepts of redox chemistry, including definitions of oxidation and reduction, assigning oxidation numbers, identifying oxidizing and reducing agents, and the composition of half equations. It also explains the balancing of redox equations and the role of electrons in these processes.

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Describe oxidation.	Oxidation is the process of electron loss.
Describe reduction.	Reduction is the process of electron gain.
What are the rules for assigning oxidation numbers?	1. All uncombined elements have an oxidation number of zero. 2. The oxidation numbers of the elements in a compound add up to zero. 3. The oxidation number of a monoatomic ion is equal to the ionic charge. 4. In a polyatomic ion, the sum of the individual oxidation numbers of the elements adds up to the charge on the ion. 5. Several elements have invariable oxidation numbers in their common compounds.
Define oxidizing agent.	An oxidizing agent (or oxidant) is the species that causes another element to oxidize. It is itself reduced in the reaction.
Define reducing agent.	A reducing agent (or reductant) is the species that causes another element to reduce. It is itself oxidized in the reaction.
Describe a reduction half equation.	A reduction half equation only shows the parts of a chemical equation involved in reduction. The electrons are on the left.
Describe an oxidation half equation.	An oxidation half equation only shows the parts of a chemical equation involved in oxidation. The electrons are on the right.
Describe the process of balancing redox equations.	The process of balancing redox equations involves determining the oxidation numbers of the elements being oxidized and reduced, adding electrons to the appropriate side of the equation to balance the change in oxidation number, and ensuring that the sum of charges on the reactant side equals the sum of charges on the product side.
What is the purpose of adding electrons to half equations?	The purpose of adding electrons to half equations is to balance the change in oxidation number.
How do you balance half equations that involve substances with varying amounts of oxygen?	Half equations involving substances with varying amounts of oxygen are balanced by adding H+, OH- ions, and H2O.
Define oxidation number.	Oxidation number is the charge that an atom would have if the compound or ion were purely ionic.

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